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Ceratosauria

Ceratosaurs Temporal range: Sinemurian-Maastrichtian,
Six ceratosaurs (top to bottom): Rugops, Elaphrosaurus, Majungasaurus, Carnotaurus, Ceratosaurus, Berthasaura
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Clade:	Dinosauria
Clade:	Saurischia
Clade:	Theropoda
Clade:	Neotheropoda
Clade:	Averostra
Clade:	†Ceratosauria Marsh, 1884
Subgroups
†Berberosaurus †Camarillasaurus? †Dandakosaurus? †Fosterovenator †Ostafrikasaurus? †Saltriovenator †Spinostropheus? †Neoceratosauria Novas, 1991 †Ceratosauridae Marsh, 1884 †Ceratosaurus †Genyodectes †Abelisauroidea Bonaparte and Novas, 1985 †Betasuchus †Dahalokely †Deltadromeus? †Eoabelisaurus? †Genusaurus †Gualicho? †Ligabueino †Ozraptor †Abelisauridae †Noasauridae

Carnotaurinae

Carnotaurines Temporal range: Late Cretaceous,
Mounted cast of a Carnotaurus sastrei skeleton, Chlupáč Museum, Prague
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Clade:	Dinosauria
Clade:	Saurischia
Clade:	Theropoda
Family:	†Abelisauridae
Subfamily:	†Carnotaurinae Sereno, 1998
Type species
†Carnotaurus sastrei Bonaparte, 1985
Subgroups
Brachyrostra Canale et al., 2008 †Ekrixinatosaurus †Elemgasem †Guemesia †Ilokelesia †Skorpiovenator †Thanos †Furileusauria Filippi et al., 2016 †Niebla †Llukalkan †Pycnonemosaurus †Viavenator †Carnotaurini Coria et al., 2002 †Abelisaurus †Aucasaurus †Carnotaurus †Koleken †Quilmesaurus

Carnosauria

Carnosaurs Temporal range: Middle Jurassic – Late Cretaceous, Possible Late Toarcian and Late Maastrichtian records.
Four carnosaurs (top to bottom): Sinraptor, Acrocanthosaurus, Concavenator, Allosaurus
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Clade:	Dinosauria
Clade:	Saurischia
Clade:	Theropoda
Clade:	Avetheropoda
Clade:	†Carnosauria von Huene, 1920
Subgroups
†Altispinax †Monolophosaurus? †Gasosaurus? †Megalosauroidea? (possibly paraphyletic) †Allosauroidea Marsh, 1878 †Asfaltovenator †Erectopus †Lourinhanosaurus? †Siamotyrannus? †Xuanhanosaurus? †Metriacanthosauridae †Allosauria Paul, 1988 †Allosauridae Marsh, 1878 †Allosaurus †Saurophaganax †Carcharodontosauria Benson, Carrano and Brusatte, 2010 †Datanglong? †Lusovenator †Siamraptor †Ulughbegsaurus? †Neovenatoridae Benson, Carrano & Brusatte, 2010 †Neovenator †Carcharodontosauridae Uncertain or possible members †Aorun †Bahariasaurus †Chilantaisaurus †Compsognathus †Deltadromeus †Gualicho †Juravenator †Nedcolbertia †Scipionyx †Sciurumimus †Siats †Unquillosaurus †Megaraptora

Tyrannosauroidea

Tyrannosauroids Temporal range: Middle Jurassic–Late Cretaceous,
Six tyrannosauroids (top to bottom): Tyrannosaurus, Dilong, Alioramus (background) with Guanlong (foreground), Gorgosaurus, and a pair of Yutyrannus
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Clade:	Dinosauria
Clade:	Saurischia
Clade:	Theropoda
Clade:	Coelurosauria
Clade:	Tyrannoraptora
Superfamily:	†Tyrannosauroidea Osborn, 1906 (vide Walker, 1964)
Type species
†Tyrannosaurus rex Osborn, 1905
Subgroups
†Proceratosauridae †Pantyrannosauria Delcourt & Grillo, 2018 †Alectrosaurus †Dilong †Eotyrannus †Jinbeisaurus †Juratyrant †Moros †Stokesosaurus †Suskityrannus †Timurlengia †Xiongguanlong †Yutyrannus? †Megaraptora? †Eutyrannosauria Delcourt & Grillo, 2018 †Alioramus? †Appalachiosaurus †Bagaraatan (possible chimera) †Bistahieversor †Dryptosaurus †Qianzhousaurus? †Raptorex †Tyrannosauridae Uncertain or possible members †Aniksosaurus †Aviatyrannis †Chingkankousaurus †Coelurus †Labocania †Santanaraptor †Siamotyrannus †Siats †Tanycolagreus †Timimus

Tyrannosauridae

Tyrannosaurids Temporal range: Late Cretaceous,
Montage of six tyrannosaurids, clockwise from top left: Tyrannosaurus, Daspletosaurus, Tarbosaurus, Gorgosaurus, Zhuchengtyrannus, and Alioramus
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Clade:	Dinosauria
Clade:	Saurischia
Clade:	Theropoda
Superfamily:	†Tyrannosauroidea
Clade:	†Pantyrannosauria
Clade:	†Eutyrannosauria
Family:	†Tyrannosauridae Osborn, 1906
Type species
†Tyrannosaurus rex Osborn, 1905
Subgroups
†Raptorex? †Albertosaurinae Currie et al., 2003 †Albertosaurus †Gorgosaurus †Tyrannosaurinae Osborn, 1906 †Bistahieversor? †Nanuqsaurus †Alioramini Olshevsky, 1995 †Alioramus †Qianzhousaurus †Daspletosaurini Voris et al., 2020 †Daspletosaurus †Thanatotheristes †Teratophoneini Scherer & Voiculescu-Holvad, 2023 †Dynamoterror †Lythronax †Teratophoneus †Tyrannosaurini Scherer & Voiculescu-Holvad, 2023 †Tarbosaurus †Tyrannosaurus †Zhuchengtyrannus
Synonyms
Deinodontidae Cope, 1866 Aublysodontidae Nopcsa, 1928 Shanshanosauridae Dong, 1977

Avialae

Avialans Temporal range: Middle Jurassic–Present, Earliest 165 Ma if Anchiornithidae are members
Fossil specimen of Jeholornis prima
Collage of four extant birds. Clockwise from top-left: Spanish imperial eagle (Aquila adalberti), common ostrich (Struthio camelus), mallard (Anas platyrhynchos), and common kingfisher (Alcedo atthis)
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Clade:	Dinosauria
Clade:	Saurischia
Clade:	Theropoda
Clade:	Pennaraptora
Clade:	Paraves
Clade:	Avialae Gauthier, 1986
Subgroups
†Alcmonavis †Balaur? †Cretaaviculus †Dalianraptor †Fukuipteryx †Gargantuavis? †Jixiangornis †Overoraptor? †Rahonavis? †Yandangornis †Zhongornis †Archaeopterygidae? †Anchiornithidae? †Scansoriopterygidae? Euavialae Gauthier, 1986 †Jeholornithiformes Avebrevicauda Paul, 2002 †Omnivoropterygidae Czerkas & Ji, 2002 †Omnivoropteryx †Sapeornis Pygostylia Chatterjee, 1997 †Confuciusornithiformes †Jinguofortisidae Ornithothoraces Chiappe & Calvo, 1994 †Enantiornithes Euornithes

Sauropodomorpha

Sauropodomorphs Temporal range:
Plateosaurus mount on display in Trossingen
Apatosaurus mount at the Carnegie Museum
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Clade:	Dinosauria
Clade:	Saurischia
Clade:	Eusaurischia
Clade:	†Sauropodomorpha Huene, 1932
Subgroups
†Buriolestes †Eoraptor †Mbiresaurus †Saturnaliidae †Guaibasauridae †Bagualosauria Langer et al., 2019 †Arcusaurus †Asylosaurus †Bagualosaurus †Efraasia †Nambalia †Pantydraco †Thecodontosauridae †Unaysauridae †Plateosauria Tornier, 1913 †Plateosauravus †Ruehleia †Xixiposaurus †Plateosauridae †Massopoda Yates, 2007 †Chuxiongosaurus †Ignavusaurus †Kholumolumo †Sarahsaurus †Tuebingosaurus †Massospondylidae †Riojasauridae †Sauropodiformes Sereno, 2007 †Isanosaurus †Jingshanosaurus †Qianlong †Schleitheimia †Seitaad †Xingxiulong †Yizhousaurus †Yunnanosaurus †Anchisauria Haekel, 1895 †Aardonyx †Anchisaurus †Irisosaurus †Leonerasaurus †Mussaurus †Sefapanosaurus †Melanorosauridae †Sauropoda

Six examplar sauropodomorphs (top to bottom): Plateosaurus, Brontosaurus, Massospondylus, Eoraptor, Thecodontosaurus, Cetiosaurus

Sauropoda

Sauropods Temporal range: Late Triassic–Late Cretaceous,
Mounted skeleton of Apatosaurus louisae, Carnegie Museum
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Clade:	Dinosauria
Clade:	Saurischia
Clade:	†Sauropodomorpha
Clade:	†Anchisauria
Clade:	†Sauropoda Marsh, 1878
Subgroups
†Amygdalodon †Blikanasaurus †Chinshakiangosaurus †Gongxianosaurus †Isanosaurus †Kotasaurus †Pulanesaura †Schleitheimia? †Tuebingosaurus? †Volkheimeria †Yizhousaurus? †Lessemsauridae †Gravisauria Allain & Aquesbi, 2008 †Barapasaurus †Ohmdenosaurus †Rhoetosaurus †Spinophorosaurus †Tazoudasaurus †Vulcanodon †Zizhongosaurus †Eusauropoda Upchurch, 1995 †Atlasaurus †Chondrosteosaurus †Cetiosauriscus †Lapparentosaurus †Jobaria †Perijasaurus †Shunosaurus †Cetiosauridae †Mamenchisauridae †Turiasauria †Neosauropoda Bonaparte, 1986 †Diplodocoidea †Macronaria Sauropods of uncertain affinity †Algoasaurus †Archaeodontosaurus †Asiatosaurus †Bagualia †Bellusaurus †Bothriospondylus †Ferganasaurus †Nebulasaurus †Protognathosaurus †Qinlingosaurus †Sanpasaurus †Ultrasaurus
Synonyms
Opisthocoelia Owen, 1860 Cetiosauria Seeley, 1870 Diplodocia Tornier, 1913

Six examplar sauropods (top to bottom): Patagotitan, Amargasaurus, Giraffatitan, Shunosaurus, Lessemsaurus, Barosaurus

Diplodocoidea

Diplodocoids Temporal range: Middle Jurassic–Late Cretaceous, Possible Turonian Record
Six diplodocoids (top to bottom): Barosaurus, Apatosaurus louisae, Brachytrachelopan, Nigersaurus, Haplocanthosaurus, Amargasaurus
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Clade:	Dinosauria
Clade:	Saurischia
Clade:	†Sauropodomorpha
Clade:	†Sauropoda
Clade:	†Neosauropoda
Superfamily:	†Diplodocoidea Marsh, 1884
Type species
†Diplodocus longus Marsh, 1878
Subgroups
†Haplocanthosaurus †Diplodocimorpha Calvo and Salgado 1995 †Rebbachisauridae †Flagellicaudata Harris & Dodson, 2004 †Dicraeosauridae †Diplodocidae
Synonyms
Rebbachisauroidea Bonaparte, 1997

The clade Flagellicaudata was erected by Harris and Dodson (2004) for the diplodocoid clade formed by Dicraeosauridae and Diplodocidae in their paper describing a new genus of sauropod dinosaur, Suuwassea. The authors carried out a phylogenetic analysis and noted that Suuwassea, although more derived than Rebbachisauridae, is in a trichotomy with other families belonging to Diplodocoidea (Diplodocidae and Dicraeosauridae). Flagellicaudata was defined as a node-based clade consisting of the most recent common ancestor of Dicraeosaurus and Diplodocus and all of its descendants. The word "Flagellicaudata" refers to long, whip-like tails of that animals (flagellum is a Latin word meaning "whip" and cauda means in Latin "tail").

Macronaria

Macronarians Temporal range: Middle Jurassic–Late Cretaceous,
Several macronarian sauropods
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Clade:	Dinosauria
Clade:	Saurischia
Clade:	†Sauropodomorpha
Clade:	†Sauropoda
Clade:	†Neosauropoda
Clade:	†Macronaria Wilson & Sereno, 1998
Clades and subclades
†Abrosaurus †Aragosaurus †Bashunosaurus? †Haestasaurus †Janenschia †Lapparentosaurus †Marmarospondylus? †Yuzhoulong †Camarasauromorpha Upchurch et al. 2004 †Camarasauridae †Titanosauriformes †Astrodon †"Brachiosaurus" nougaredi †Brohisaurus †Duriatitan †Eucamerotus †Fukuititan †Fushanosaurus †Fusuisaurus †Jiutaisaurus †Huanghetitan †Oceanotitan †Ornithopsis †Pukyongosaurus †Rugocaudia †Brachiosauridae †Somphospondyli